CALORIE BURNING GOOD FAT
Recent research by UC San Francisco Researchers has revealed that there are two kinds of fats in our body is functioning for utilizing and storing the fat.
The researchers have studied brown fat which they called Beige Fat which they say burn the fat into calories and can help to ward off obesity and diabetes.
Also they said the beige fat if left with the unavailability of sufficient fat to burn they will convert themself into energy-storing white fat which causes obesity and diabetes. Hence the beige fat is having an ability to switch back and forth between energy hoarding white state and energy-burning brown state.
The beige fat is containing in its mitochondria which are deposited as brown pigments and give the brown color.
Infants and babies in their growing state are well provided with brown fat which helps the baby to comfort with heat during cold weather by burning the fat into heat.
All mammals including humans have two types of fat with entirely opposite functions. White fat which stores energy and is causing obesity and diabetes, brown which burns fat into calories and utilizes it causes leanness.
A lean person may have more brown fat and a fat person may have more white fat.
Unlike in babies the adult brown cells if left unattended with eating fat-free food then digest their own mitochondrial cell pigments which gave them brown color and become white fat. But this converted beige fat has the ability to switch back again into brown pigmented fat by a not well-described mechanism. In adults the beige brown fat cells are embedded into the white fat cells.
Genes play an important role in digesting their own mitochondrial pigments by the brown fat and become white.
The brown beige fats are active according to the temperature change or stress. Just a two-ounce of the brown fat can burn up to 200 calories a day when the temperature drops. But this does not work out in obese people as they do not have sufficient brown fat.
Also these approaches have dangerous cardiovascular side effects.
When the researchers removed the causative genes in mice to prevent the brown fat cells from eating their own mitochondrial pigments they succeeded in sustaining the brown cells and its benefits.
THE NEWS
Calorie-burning 'good' fat can be protected, says study
Adapted Media Release
Published: Published: Mon 29 Aug 2016
UC San Francisco researchers studying beige fat - a calorie-burning tissue that can help to ward off obesity and diabetes - have discovered a new strategy to cultivate this beneficial blubber.
Beige fat cells have the ability to switch back and forth between an energy-hoarding "white" state and an energy-burning "brown" state, the new research found, based on how they handle the cellular power plants known as mitochondria: Preventing beige fat cells from digesting their own mitochondria traps them in the energy-burning state. In mice, this intervention successfully protected against obesity and pre-diabetic symptoms, raising hopes for future applications in human patients.
The results - which appear in the journal Cell Metabolism - represent a key new advance in efforts to use beige fat to battle the growing worldwide epidemics of obesity and type 2 diabetes, according to senior investigator Shingo Kajimura, Ph.D., an associate professor of cell and tissue biology in UCSF's School of Dentistry.
Human babies are born with brown fat as a natural defense against cold, but it wasn't until 2009 that researchers first discovered that adult humans have energy-burning fat as well. In 2015, Kajimura's group demonstrated that most of this healthy fat in humans is not so-called classical brown fat of the type that babies are born with, but a completely different type of cell, which the researchers dubbed "beige fat." Beige fat is found within white fat and has the ability to quickly convert from an energy-storing state to an energy-burning state in response to environmental changes, such as cold or other stressors.
Many obesity researchers hope to harness the energy-burning capacity of beige and brown fat to help patients lose weight: just two ounces of the stuff can burn up to 200 calories a day when the temperature drops. But just exposing patients to cold temperatures - or giving them drugs that trick the body into thinking it's cold - have proven ineffective in early trials because most people who are obese lack a significant amount of active brown fat. These approaches also have dangerous cardiovascular side effects, which are of particular concern in obese patients.
Kajimura's group recently identified new pharmacological strategies for transforming white fat into beige fat in mice, which showed significant health benefits without cardiovascular side effects. However, the researchers soon realized that when these drug treatments are stopped, the new beige fat just reverts to white fat again within weeks.
"For many years our focus has been on learning to convert white fat into beige fat," said Kajimura, who holds joint appointments at UCSF's Diabetes Center and at the Eli and Edythe Broad Center of Regeneration Medicine and Stem Cell Research. "Now we're realizing we also have to think about how to keep it there for a longer time."
Beige fat cells have the ability to switch back and forth between an energy-hoarding "white" state and an energy-burning "brown" state, the new research found, based on how they handle the cellular power plants known as mitochondria: Preventing beige fat cells from digesting their own mitochondria traps them in the energy-burning state. In mice, this intervention successfully protected against obesity and pre-diabetic symptoms, raising hopes for future applications in human patients.
The results - which appear in the journal Cell Metabolism - represent a key new advance in efforts to use beige fat to battle the growing worldwide epidemics of obesity and type 2 diabetes, according to senior investigator Shingo Kajimura, Ph.D., an associate professor of cell and tissue biology in UCSF's School of Dentistry.
Research may aid efforts to enhance and maintain energy-burning fat in humans
All mammals, including humans, have two types of fat with completely opposite functions: white, which stores energy and is linked with diabetes and obesity; and brown, which produces heat by burning energy and is associated with leanness.Human babies are born with brown fat as a natural defense against cold, but it wasn't until 2009 that researchers first discovered that adult humans have energy-burning fat as well. In 2015, Kajimura's group demonstrated that most of this healthy fat in humans is not so-called classical brown fat of the type that babies are born with, but a completely different type of cell, which the researchers dubbed "beige fat." Beige fat is found within white fat and has the ability to quickly convert from an energy-storing state to an energy-burning state in response to environmental changes, such as cold or other stressors.
Many obesity researchers hope to harness the energy-burning capacity of beige and brown fat to help patients lose weight: just two ounces of the stuff can burn up to 200 calories a day when the temperature drops. But just exposing patients to cold temperatures - or giving them drugs that trick the body into thinking it's cold - have proven ineffective in early trials because most people who are obese lack a significant amount of active brown fat. These approaches also have dangerous cardiovascular side effects, which are of particular concern in obese patients.
Kajimura's group recently identified new pharmacological strategies for transforming white fat into beige fat in mice, which showed significant health benefits without cardiovascular side effects. However, the researchers soon realized that when these drug treatments are stopped, the new beige fat just reverts to white fat again within weeks.
"For many years our focus has been on learning to convert white fat into beige fat," said Kajimura, who holds joint appointments at UCSF's Diabetes Center and at the Eli and Edythe Broad Center of Regeneration Medicine and Stem Cell Research. "Now we're realizing we also have to think about how to keep it there for a longer time."
