FUTURE OPTIONS OF BIRTHCONTROL

CONTRACEPTION-FUTURE OPTIONS

There are several options of contraceptives studied in order to minimize the size of the dosages, frequency of the dosages, and the side effects. The major purpose of the future options also includes increasing the maximal benefits with a minimal dose or dosage frequencies, and the side effects.

Accordingly, the researches invent a synthetic hormone replicating the brain hormone Luteinizing Hormone-Releasing Hormone which 144 times more powerful than the natural parent compound. Even though in micro dosages this drug is found as a curative for infertility yet this hormone is under research in the suitably modified dose for birth control.

The hormone is acting on the luteal phase of the menstrual cycle and shortening it, and the follicular phase is elongated and the ovulation delayed. Before ovulation happened these hormones act on the uterus to develop the endometrium and other preparation to receive the ovum which actually not present at the tube. When ovulation happened the luteal phase comes to an endpoint so that the endometrium degenerate, and the uterus becomes hostile to the coming ovum, the implantation disturbed, and the menses starts.

The powerful hormone needs a micro dosage and effects will last for longer periods. Yet the disadvantage is its side effects.

Another option researched by Alabama University Researchers Norethindrone, a progestin enclosed in microcapsules for injection which can timely release the medicines from the tiny capsules. Still, it is under consideration.

The abortive drug mifepristone is also on the line of consideration as in modified dosage it is found that it can delay ovulation.

MALE CONTRACEPTION VASECTOMY

VASECTOMY

Vasectomy is an invasive method of male contraception.In his method by using a surgical operation a small incision is made at the two vasa deferentia which carries the sperm from the two epididymis of the testicles to he ejaculatory duct in anticipation to the act of ejaculation.Afer the incision the ends of the vas ducts are tied firmly to closure so that they cannot transport sperm to ejaculatory tubes.

The above picture shows the two vas ducts indicated by the two arrows from either epididymis of the testes.

In vasectomy operations the surgeon cut the tubes by incision and tie off or clamped or sealed off the tubes so that they cannot carry sperm from the testes.The operation is simple and sure.

It causes no change in hormone production and sex desires unless if he feels and depressed psychologically that he is castrated.

After vasectomy the man can carry on his usual sexual activities with his partner satisfactorily with proper erection clmax and ejaculation.But his ejaculation contains only semen the secretions of seminal vesicles and prostate without a single sperm.But this may take several months after the vasectomy because there are already produced and transported sperms are stored in the seminal vesicles which can be ejaculated with the semen and they can still make the female partner to become pregnant.Hence even after the vasectomy one should use condoms or other means of birth control until a test of ejaculate does not contains a single sperm.

The Procedure :-

 

1.Before the procedure started the area is shaved and cleaned

2.A sedative will be given orally so that the patient can sleep inorder to relieve from the trauma

3.A local anesthetic will be injected into the scrotum 

4.Each vas deferens can be located by touch.

5.Doctor will make two small incision at the areas on the scrotum.

6.Through the openings the two vasa deferentia are pulled out sufficiently and cut by scissors and sealed or stretched together of by heat applied by electrocution.The scars formed by the heat helps firm sealing.

7.After this the two ducts will be inserted back into the scrotum and the mouth of the incision would be stretched off.

The whole procedure would take hardly 20 to 45 minutes.

Even after the vasectomy the testes can able to produce sperm but all will be absorbed by the body.

Until recently it is beleived that vasectomy is an irreversible method of contraception and a man who underwent vasectomy is sterile for life.

But modern technologies are improved so that vasectomy can be reversed by surgical methods as the above video illustrates

The following videos also shows the vasectomy reversals

 

 

 

CONTRACEPTION-BARRIER METHODS

BARRIER CONTRACEPTIVE METHODS

In this post we will deal with various barrier contracepive methods such as condoms for males,cervical caps,and diaphragm for females.

Male Condoms are meant for male contraception and is more safe and convenience.Unlike invasive surgical operations like vasectomy or contraceptive drugs they are not disturbing our body health or our systemic blood circulations.They are user friendly.They cause reversible contraception.

Most importantly they give more protection from infections such as venereal diseases like syphilis,gonorrhea,and AIDS while other methods are not.

Condoms are usually made out of special latex rubber silicon which are very thin and user friendly.Latex condoms are having a natural antiviral actions against AIDS viruses and hence they give 100% protection against AIDS when compared with condoms made out of other materials.This guarantee can be given to those who use the condoms regularly but not intermittently.

Laex condoms also can give protection against herpes virus;genital ulcers,STDs such as gonorrhea,syphilis;hepatitis-B and Chlamydia.

If the male is regularly using latex condoms it is greatly reducing the chances of PIDs(Pelvic Inflammatory Disease) and Pelvic Infections (PI) by their female partners.

If used in a correct manner the condoms are giving a good record of birth control and that means if used properly condoms give pregnancy about 3 to 36% only.

Latex allergy and some other medical conditions are the restrictions for the use of latex condoms.To these patients condoms made out of natural membrane like polyurethane the one branded as Avanthi are available to protect from pregnancy but not from infections. 

Female Condoms are available such as Reality condoms. diaphragm and cervical caps for those partners among whom the male partner does not want to use male condoms.

Female condoms are made of a polyurethane sheath with flexible rings at each end.It can be inserted into either the vagina like a diaphragm or into the anus to line or cover the uterus or rectum respectively.The anal insertion is mostly ment for the homosexual male partners.When inserted it provides a barrier against semen and microbes such as HIV.If used perfectly it give approximately a 95% protection from pregnancy.But an improper use may result in a 26% increased chance of pregnancy.Another drawback is it is not so  economical.In U.S a piece of the condom costs about US$ 5 to US$ 6 or may be more.It is available in US in the brand name of Reality.

The Diaphragm

Diaphragms are the common method of female contraception.As in the above picture it is looking like a small cap or dome with an outer ring like spring at the rim.It is made out of silicon latex or natural rubber.Silicon diaphragms are more convenient and last for 10 years for re use where as rubber diaphragms are lasting for 4 to 5 years.The spring forms a seal against the wall of the vagina.During the usage after the insertion the diaphragm should be left atleast 8 hours in the vagina after the last ejaculation of the male partner during the intercourse.

The above video is embedded here purely for illustrative purposes how to use a diaphragm and cervical cap.
Cervical Cap this is also a female condom similar to diaphragm and are unlike Reality these are economical.If used properly they prevent pregnancy 82% to 94%.

The following video illustrates how to insert cervical cap

As look in the above picture these are cap like female condoms to be inserted into the vagina to cover the cervix and block sperm to enter into the uterus.